# Russo-Polish War of 1654–1667 (1654)

URL: https://poland-history.com/timeline/1654-russo-polish-war-of-1654-1667
Location: Smolensk
Categories: battle

After the Pereiaslav agreement, Russia invaded the Commonwealth and captured Vilnius in 1655. Within the broader Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth period: The Commonwealth of Both Nations elected its kings and prized noble liberty and religious tolerance. It won famous victories but was weakened by wars with Sweden, Russia, the Ottomans and the Cossacks, and by political paralysis. At this point in the timeline (1654), the governing authority was John II Casimir Vasa (King of Poland). Reigned through the Khmelnytsky Uprising and the Swedish Deluge before abdicating in 1668. Russo-Polish War of 1654–1667 mattered because it changed the military or territorial balance and influenced the political choices that followed. The event is placed here so readers can follow it alongside changes in government, warfare, society, religion and culture across Polish history.

## Why it matters
Russo-Polish War of 1654–1667 mattered because it changed the military or territorial balance and influenced the political choices that followed.

Ruler at the time: [John II Casimir Vasa](https://poland-history.com/rulers/john-ii-casimir-vasa)

## Sources
- [Wikipedia — Polish–Russian War (1654–1667)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Russian_War_(1654%E2%80%931667))
- [Encyclopaedia Britannica topic lookup — Russo-Polish War of 1654–1667](https://www.britannica.com/search?query=Russo-Polish+War+of+1654%E2%80%931667)
- [Wikipedia — Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (period overview)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth)