# The Swedish Deluge (1655)

URL: https://poland-history.com/timeline/1655-the-swedish-deluge
Location: Poland
Categories: battle, main-event

Charles X Gustav invaded; many magnates and nobles surrendered and most of the country was occupied. The destruction was among the worst in the Commonwealth's history. Within the broader Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth period: The Commonwealth of Both Nations elected its kings and prized noble liberty and religious tolerance. It won famous victories but was weakened by wars with Sweden, Russia, the Ottomans and the Cossacks, and by political paralysis. At this point in the timeline (1655), the governing authority was John II Casimir Vasa (King of Poland). Reigned through the Khmelnytsky Uprising and the Swedish Deluge before abdicating in 1668. The Swedish Deluge mattered because it changed the military or territorial balance and influenced the political choices that followed. The event is placed here so readers can follow it alongside changes in government, warfare, society, religion and culture across Polish history.

## Why it matters
The Swedish Deluge mattered because it changed the military or territorial balance and influenced the political choices that followed.

Ruler at the time: [John II Casimir Vasa](https://poland-history.com/rulers/john-ii-casimir-vasa)

## Sources
- [Wikipedia — Deluge (history)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deluge_(history))
- [Encyclopaedia Britannica topic lookup — The Swedish Deluge](https://www.britannica.com/search?query=The+Swedish+Deluge)
- [Wikipedia — Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (period overview)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth)