# Treaty of Oliva (1660)

URL: https://poland-history.com/timeline/1660-treaty-of-oliva
Location: Oliwa

The war with Sweden ended; John Casimir renounced his Swedish claim and Livonia was ceded. Within the broader Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth period: The Commonwealth of Both Nations elected its kings and prized noble liberty and religious tolerance. It won famous victories but was weakened by wars with Sweden, Russia, the Ottomans and the Cossacks, and by political paralysis. At this point in the timeline (3 May 1660), the governing authority was John II Casimir Vasa (King of Poland). Reigned through the Khmelnytsky Uprising and the Swedish Deluge before abdicating in 1668. Treaty of Oliva mattered because its terms redrew borders or alliances and constrained Poland's options for years to come. The event is placed here so readers can follow it alongside changes in government, warfare, society, religion and culture across Polish history.

## Why it matters
Treaty of Oliva mattered because its terms redrew borders or alliances and constrained Poland's options for years to come.

Ruler at the time: [John II Casimir Vasa](https://poland-history.com/rulers/john-ii-casimir-vasa)

## Sources
- [Wikipedia — Treaty of Oliva](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Oliva)
- [Encyclopaedia Britannica topic lookup — Treaty of Oliva](https://www.britannica.com/search?query=Treaty+of+Oliva)
- [Wikipedia — Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (period overview)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth)