# Great Emigration (1831)

URL: https://poland-history.com/timeline/1831-great-emigration
Location: France
Categories: main-event

Thousands of political émigrés, including Mickiewicz, Chopin and Czartoryski, left for western Europe. Within the broader Partitioned Poland period: Without a state, Poles preserved their nation through uprisings, emigration, Romantic literature, 'organic work' and modern political movements, while facing Russification and Germanisation. At this point in the timeline (1831), the governing authority was Nicholas I (King of Poland (Tsar of Russia)). Crowned King of Poland in Warsaw in 1829; declared deposed by the Sejm in 1831, he crushed the November Uprising and revoked Polish autonomy. Great Emigration mattered because movements of peoples reshaped the population, languages and cultures of the lands that became Poland. The event is placed here so readers can follow it alongside changes in government, warfare, society, religion and culture across Polish history.

## Why it matters
Great Emigration mattered because movements of peoples reshaped the population, languages and cultures of the lands that became Poland.

Ruler at the time: [Nicholas I](https://poland-history.com/rulers/nicholas-i)

## Sources
- [Wikipedia — Great Emigration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Emigration)
- [Encyclopaedia Britannica topic lookup — Great Emigration](https://www.britannica.com/search?query=Great+Emigration)
- [Wikipedia — History of Poland (1795–1918) (period overview)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Poland_(1795%E2%80%931918))